PRK vs LASIK – The Difference Between PRK and LASIK

PRK vs LASIK – The Difference Between PRK and LASIK

PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) and LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) are both popular laser eye surgery procedures that aim to correct refractive errors and improve vision. While they share the same goal, there are some key differences between PRK and LASIK that you should consider when deciding which procedure is right for you.

In this article, we will explore the differences between PRK and LASIK, including the procedures themselves, the recovery process, the risks and side effects, and other factors to help you make an informed decision about your vision correction options.

What Is PRK? What Happens During PRK?

PRK, or Photorefractive Keratectomy, is a type of laser eye surgery that is used to correct refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. During the PRK procedure, the surgeon uses a laser to reshape the cornea and correct the refractive error.

The PRK procedure involves the following steps:

  • The surgeon starts by removing the thin outer layer of the cornea, called the epithelium, to expose the underlying corneal tissue.
  • The surgeon then uses an excimer laser to reshape the cornea by removing microscopic amounts of tissue. The laser precisely removes tissue to correct the refractive error.
  • After the cornea has been reshaped, a soft contact lens is placed on the eye to protect the cornea and promote healing.
  • The recovery process after PRK is usually longer compared to LASIK, as the outer layer of the cornea needs to regenerate. 
  • It typically takes a few days to a week for the epithelium to heal completely and for the vision to stabilize.

What Is LASIK? What Happens During LASIK?

LASIK, or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis, is another type of laser eye surgery that is used to correct refractive errors. Like PRK, LASIK aims to reshape the cornea to correct the refractive error and improve vision.

The LASIK procedure involves the following steps:

  • The surgeon creates a thin, hinged flap on the cornea using a microkeratome or femtosecond laser.
  • The surgeon then lifts the flap to expose the underlying corneal tissue.
  • The surgeon uses an excimer laser to reshape the cornea by removing microscopic amounts of tissue. The laser precisely removes tissue to correct the refractive error.
  • After the cornea has been reshaped, the surgeon repositions the flap, which adheres naturally without the need for stitches.
  • The recovery process after LASIK is usually quicker compared to PRK, as the flap acts as a natural bandage and helps in the healing process. 
  • Most patients experience improved vision within a day or two after the procedure.

PRK vs LASIK: Key Differences

While both PRK and LASIK are effective vision correction procedures, there are some key differences between the two:

  • Conditions treated: PRK can be a suitable option for patients with thin corneas or those who are not eligible for LASIK due to certain corneal conditions. LASIK is typically preferred for patients with a thicker cornea.
  • Procedure duration: PRK and LASIK are both quick procedures but LASIK takes comparatively 15-20 mins less than PRK to perform.
  • Recovery: The recovery time after PRK is longer compared to LASIK, as the epithelium takes time to heal. Patients may experience blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and discomfort during the initial days of recovery. LASIK patients often experience faster visual recovery and less discomfort.
  • Risks and Side-Effects: While both procedures have similar risks and side effects, the likelihood of experiencing dry eyes and haze after PRK is higher compared to LASIK. However, the long-term visual outcomes are comparable between the two procedures.
  • Pain during procedure: PRK is known to cause more discomfort during the procedure, as the epithelium is removed. LASIK is relatively less painful.
  • Eligibility criteria: The eligibility criteria for PRK and LASIK may vary. Factors such as corneal thickness, refractive error, age, and overall eye health are taken into consideration when determining the suitability of each procedure.
  • Cost Comparison: The cost of PRK and LASIK may vary depending on various factors such as the location, surgeon’s experience, and technology used. Generally, PRK tends to be slightly less expensive compared to LASIK.

It is important to consult with an experienced eye surgeon to determine which procedure is best suited for your specific needs and to discuss the potential risks and benefits of each option.

Pros and Cons: PRK vs LASIK

Pros of PRK:

  • Suitable for patients with thin corneas or certain corneal conditions
  • Lower risk of complications related to the flap
  • Similar long-term visual outcomes compared to LASIK
  • Less expensive compared to LASIK

Cons of PRK:

  • Longer recovery time
  • Higher likelihood of experiencing haze
  • More discomfort during the procedure

Pros of LASIK:

  • Quicker recovery time
  • Lower likelihood of experiencing haze
  • Less discomfort during the procedure

Cons of LASIK

  • Not suitable for patients with thin corneas or certain corneal conditions
  • Higher risk of complications related to the flap
  • Slightly more expensive compared to PRK

Ultimately, the decision between PRK vs LASIK depends on your individual circumstances and preferences. Consulting with an eye surgeon can help you make an informed decision.

What Are the Similarities Between PRK & LASIK?

While there are some key differences  when it comes to PRK vs LASIK, they also share several similarities:

  • Both procedures use an excimer laser to reshape the cornea and correct refractive errors.
  • Both procedures aim to improve vision and reduce the dependence on glasses or contact lenses.
  • Both procedures have a high success rate in achieving the desired visual outcomes.
  • Both procedures are performed on an outpatient basis and generally do not require an overnight hospital stay.
  • Both procedures are safe and well-established methods of vision correction.

It is important to note that the suitability of each procedure may vary depending on individual factors, and a thorough evaluation by an eye surgeon is necessary to determine the best course of action.

Can PRK Be Done After LASIK?

In some cases, PRK can be performed after LASIK if further vision correction is required. This is known as PRK enhancement or PRK touch-up. However, the decision to undergo PRK after LASIK depends on various factors such as the stability of the corneal shape, the amount of residual refractive error, and the overall health of the eye.

It is important to consult with an experienced eye surgeon who can assess your specific situation and determine the most appropriate treatment option.

Choosing Between PRK vs LASIK: Making the Right Decision

Choosing between PRK and LASIK can be a difficult decision. Here are some factors to consider when making your choice:

  • Eligibility: Not everyone is a suitable candidate for both procedures. Factors such as corneal thickness, refractive error, age, and overall eye health are taken into consideration when determining eligibility.
  • Corneal conditions: If you have certain corneal conditions, such as thin corneas or irregularities, PRK may be a better option.
  • Recovery time: PRK has a longer recovery time compared to LASIK, as the epithelium takes time to heal. If you prefer a quicker recovery, LASIK may be the preferred choice.
  • Risks and side effects: While both procedures have similar risks and side effects, the likelihood of experiencing dry eyes and haze is higher with PRK. 
  • Cost: Consider the cost of each procedure and whether it fits within your budget. Keep in mind that the cost may vary depending on various factors.

Ultimately, consulting with an experienced eye surgeon is crucial in making the right decision. They will assess your individual circumstances, discuss the potential risks and benefits, and help you choose the procedure.

Conclusion

PRK and LASIK are both effective vision correction procedures that can significantly improve your quality of life by reducing or eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses. While they have some key differences in terms of the procedure itself, recovery time, and risks, both procedures have a high success rate and can provide excellent visual outcomes. It is important to consult with an experienced eye surgeon who can evaluate your specific needs and determine which procedure is best suited for you. 

FAQs

Is PRK surgery better than LASIK?

Generally, it’s possible to have PRK after LASIK, but the reverse (LASIK after PRK) is more complex and less common due to potential complications. Consult with an eye surgeon for personalized advice based on your specific circumstances.

What are the disadvantages of PRK over LASIK?

Longer recovery time, more discomfort during recovery, and potential for haze formation in the cornea.

How many years does PRK last?

PRK can provide long-lasting results similar to LASIK, typically lasting many years or even decades.

How painful is PRK?

PRK recovery can be more uncomfortable compared to LASIK, especially in the first few days after surgery.

Which hurts more PRK or LASIK?

PRK is generally more uncomfortable during the initial recovery phase compared to LASIK.

How much does PRK cost in India?

Prices can vary, but generally, PRK costs range from ₹40,000 to ₹80,000 per eye in India.

Can I have PRK if I’ve had LASIK in the past, or vice versa?

It depends on your specific case and the advice of your eye surgeon, but in some cases, it may be possible.

Is PRK or LASIK covered by insurance, and what are the typical costs for each?

Insurance coverage varies, but both PRK and LASIK are often considered elective procedures and may not be covered by insurance.

Are there any age restrictions for PRK or LASIK surgery?

Typically, candidates should be at least 18 years old with stable vision. There is no upper age limit, but individual eye health factors are important.

Does PRK last as long as LASIK?

PRK can provide similarly long-lasting results as LASIK.

Which Is More Expensive, PRK Or LASIK?

Femto LASIK, SILK & SMILE tend to be more expensive than PRK as the femtolaser is a piece of sophisticated equipment that entails cost.

Can PRK or LASIK be used to correct astigmatism, and how effective are they in doing so?

Yes, both PRK and LASIK can effectively correct astigmatism, with good outcomes depending on the severity and type of astigmatism.