Vision correction surgeries like PRK eye surgery and LASIK have revolutionised the way refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism are treated. These procedures offer a life-changing solution for individuals who want to reduce or eliminate their dependence on glasses or contact lenses.
However, the decision to choose between PRK vs LASIK can be challenging. Each procedure has unique advantages, recovery timelines, and suitability factors. This blog will help you understand the difference between LASIK and PRK and their benefits and guide you toward making an informed choice.
LASIK or PRK: Which is Better?
With advancements in laser eye surgery, individuals now have multiple options to correct refractive errors. PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) and LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) are two of the most common procedures.
Both PRK and LASIK use excimer lasers to reshape the cornea, correcting refractive errors.
- PRK: This procedure involves removing the thin outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) to access the underlying corneal tissue. After the reshaping, the epithelium regenerates naturally over a few days.
- LASIK: LASIK creates a thin corneal flap, which is lifted to reshape the underlying tissue. The flap is repositioned after the laser treatment, allowing for faster recovery.
Understanding the difference between LASIK and PRK is essential in determining which procedure aligns best with your needs.
How PRK Works: The Procedure
The PRK eye surgery process typically involves the following steps:
- Preparation: The eye is numbed using anaesthetic drops, ensuring a painless procedure.
- Removal of the Epithelium: The thin outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) is gently removed using a special solution or surgical instrument.
- Laser Reshaping: An excimer laser is used to reshape the cornea, correcting refractive errors.
- Placement of a Bandage Lens: A soft contact lens is placed on the eye to protect the cornea and promote healing during the initial days of recovery.
The PRK eye surgery recovery time is generally longer than LASIK because the epithelium takes time to regenerate, typically around 5–7 days.
How LASIK Works: The Procedure
The LASIK procedure involves these steps:
- Preparation: The eye is numbed with anaesthetic drops for a painless experience.
- Creating the Corneal Flap: A thin, hinged flap is created on the cornea using a microkeratome blade or femtosecond laser.
- Laser Reshaping: The excimer laser reshapes the corneal tissue beneath the flap to correct vision.
- Repositioning the Flap: The corneal flap is repositioned, adhering naturally without stitches.
LASIK offers a faster recovery time, with most patients experiencing improved vision within 24–48 hours.
Key Differences Between PRK and LASIK
Both PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) and LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) are effective laser eye surgeries for correcting vision. However, they differ in technique, recovery, and suitability, making each option better suited for specific cases. Here is a comparison of PRK vs LASIK to help you understand their distinctions:
1. Technique
- PRK: In PRK, the outermost layer of the cornea (epithelium) is gently removed to access the underlying corneal tissue. The laser is then used to reshape the cornea to correct refractive errors. Since no flap is created, the epithelium naturally regenerates over time.
- LASIK: LASIK involves creating a thin, hinged flap in the cornea using a microkeratome blade or a femtosecond laser. The laser reshapes the underlying corneal tissue, and the flap is repositioned after the procedure. This flap acts as a natural bandage, aiding in faster recovery.
2. Recovery Time
- PRK: Recovery takes longer because the epithelium needs time to heal and regenerate. Initial healing takes about 5–7 days, and complete visual stabilisation may take several weeks to months.
- LASIK: LASIK offers a much quicker recovery, with most patients resuming normal activities within 24–48 hours. Clear vision typically returns within a few days.
3. Discomfort
- PRK: Recovery from PRK involves more discomfort, including sensitivity to light, irritation, and blurry vision, as the epithelium heals. Pain management and protective lenses may be used during the initial days.
- LASIK: LASIK is associated with minimal discomfort, as the corneal flap protects the treated area. Some patients may experience dryness or mild irritation, but these symptoms usually resolve quickly.
4. Corneal Thickness
- PRK: PRK is ideal for patients with thinner corneas, as it doesn’t require the creation of a corneal flap. This makes it a safer choice for individuals who may not qualify for LASIK.
- LASIK: LASIK requires sufficient corneal thickness to safely create and reposition the flap. Patients with thin or irregular corneas may not be suitable candidates.
5. Risk of Flap Complications
- PRK: Since PRK does not involve creating a corneal flap, there is no risk of flap-related complications, such as flap dislodgement or irregular healing.
- LASIK: While the risk is small, LASIK involves potential flap-related complications, including dislodgment, infection, or inflammation. However, these risks are mitigated by advanced technology and skilled surgeons.
6. Risk of Haze
- PRK: UV exposure increases the risk of post-operative corneal haze in PRK eyes.
- LASIK: Post LASIK risk of corneal haze is minimal
PRK vs LASIK: How to Choose?
When deciding between PRK and LASIK, consider the following factors:
- Corneal Thickness: PRK is a better option for patients with thin corneas, as it doesn’t require a flap.
- Lifestyle: If you’re involved in contact sports or activities with a risk of eye trauma, PRK may be safer since it eliminates flap complications.
- Lifestyle: If you’re involved in contact sports or activities with a risk of eye trauma, PRK may be safer since it eliminates flap complications.
- Recovery Time: LASIK might be the preferred option if quick recovery is a priority.
- Eye Health: Pre-existing conditions such as dry eyes may influence the choice of procedure.
- Professional Advice: Consult your eye specialist to determine the best option based on your needs.
Making an Informed Decision
Both PRK and LASIK are highly effective procedures for vision correction, with comparable long-term outcomes. While LASIK offers faster recovery, PRK is an excellent alternative to LASIK for patients with thin corneas or specific lifestyle needs.
To determine what is right for you, consult an experienced eye surgeon who can assess your eye health and provide tailored recommendations. At Planet Lasik, we prioritise your vision and ensure the highest standards of care to help you achieve clear, comfortable eyesight.
Take the first step towards a life without glasses or contact lenses. Schedule an appointment at Planet Lasik
Frequently Asked Questions
Is PRK surgery better than LASIK?
Generally, it’s possible to have PRK after LASIK, but the reverse (LASIK after PRK) is more complex and less common due to potential complications. Consult with an eye surgeon for personalized advice based on your specific circumstances.
What are the disadvantages of PRK over LASIK?
Longer recovery time, more discomfort during recovery, and potential for haze formation in the cornea.
How many years does PRK last?
PRK can provide long-lasting results similar to LASIK, typically lasting many years or even decades.
How painful is PRK?
PRK recovery can be more uncomfortable compared to LASIK, especially in the first few days after surgery.
Which hurts more PRK or LASIK?
PRK is generally more uncomfortable during the initial recovery phase compared to LASIK.
How much does PRK cost in India?
Prices can vary, but generally, PRK costs range from ₹40,000 to ₹80,000 per eye in India.
Can I have PRK if I’ve had LASIK in the past, or vice versa?
It depends on your specific case and the advice of your eye surgeon, but in some cases, it may be possible.
Is PRK or LASIK covered by insurance, and what are the typical costs for each?
Insurance coverage varies, but both PRK and LASIK are often considered elective procedures and may not be covered by insurance.
Are there any age restrictions for PRK or LASIK surgery?
Typically, candidates should be at least 18 years old with stable vision. There is no upper age limit, but individual eye health factors are important.
Does PRK last as long as LASIK?
PRK can provide similarly long-lasting results as LASIK.
Which Is More Expensive, PRK Or LASIK?
Femto LASIK, SILK & SMILE tend to be more expensive than PRK as the femtolaser is a piece of sophisticated equipment that entails cost.
Can PRK or LASIK be used to correct astigmatism, and how effective are they in doing so?
Yes, both PRK and LASIK can effectively correct astigmatism, with good outcomes depending on the severity and type of astigmatism.
Which is better, LASIK or PRK?
Both procedures are effective, but the choice depends on individual factors like corneal thickness, lifestyle, and recovery preferences. PRK is better for thin corneas, while LASIK offers faster recovery.
Does PRK last as long as LASIK?
Yes, the long-term visual outcomes of PRK and LASIK are comparable in low to moderate glass power correction. Both procedures provide lasting vision correction when performed by experienced specialists. In cases of higher power correction, LASIK results may be more stable.
What are the disadvantages of PRK over LASIK?
PRK has a longer recovery time and may cause more discomfort during the healing process. However, it eliminates the risk of flap complications associated with LASIK.
Is LASIK or PRK more expensive?
The cost of LASIK and PRK is usually similar, but it can vary depending on the clinic, surgeon’s expertise, and technology used. Femto LASIK, SMILE, and SILK are the more advanced and expensive options available today.
Are there alternatives to LASIK?
Yes, alternatives to LASIK include PRK, SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction), and ICL (Implantable Collamer Lens), depending on your eye health and vision needs.